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POLICIES AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE 1. Business Model This journal adopts the Gold Open Access publishing model. All published articles are freely accessible to readers worldwide without subscription. The operational costs of the journal are supported through Article Processing Charges (APC) paid by authors, their institutions, or funding agencies. 2. Copyright Notice Authors retain the copyright of their published articles. Authors grant the journal the right of first publication. Published articles are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), which allows users to copy, distribute, and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes only, provided appropriate credit is given and adaptations are shared under the same license. The journal is authorized to: Assign a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) to each article Archive and index articles in databases such as DOAJ, EBSCO, ProQuest, and other indexing services Authors are responsible for ensuring that any third-party materials included in their work have proper permissions. 3. Open Access Policy This journal provides immediate open access to its content based on the principle that making research freely available supports global knowledge exchange. Users are allowed to: Read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, and link to full-text articles Use the content for any lawful purpose All articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.. 4. Submission Policy Submission of a manuscript implies that: The work is original and has not been published previously The manuscript is not under consideration elsewhere All authors have approved the submission The journal accepts manuscripts that: Have been previously uploaded as preprints (e.g., arXiv, SSRN, bioRxiv) Have been presented at conferences Have appeared in non-journal platforms (e.g., blogs, posters) Authors must update the preprint version with the DOI and link to the published article after publication. 5. Plagiarism Policy The journal enforces a zero-tolerance policy on plagiarism, including self-plagiarism. All submissions will be screened using: Plagiarism detection software (e.g., iThenticate) Editorial and reviewer evaluation Manuscripts with significant similarity will be rejected immediately. 6. Archiving Policy This journal follows Sherpa/Romeo Green Archiving Policy. Authors are allowed to archive: Preprint version Postprint version Publisher’s final PDF Without restriction, in institutional repositories or other platforms. 7. Advertising Policy The journal does not publish commercial advertisements. However, academic announcements or scholarly information may be published without charge. 8. Marketing Policy All marketing and promotional activities: Must be ethical and professional Must not be misleading Must accurately represent the journal scope and policies 9. Waiver Policy The journal charges an Articl