:root {
    /* Colors */
    --primary: #0d8c62;
    --primary-dark: #0a3d2e;
    --primary-glow: #6ee7b7;
    --text: #1e293b;
    --text-secondary: #475569;
    --muted: #64748b;
    --surface: #ffffff;
    --surface-soft: #f8fafc;
    --border: #e2e8f0;

    /* Gradients */
    --gradient-primary: linear-gradient(135deg, #0a3d2e 0%, #064a36 40%, #0d6b4a 100%);
    --gradient-highlight: linear-gradient(90deg, #0d8c62, #10b981, #0d8c62);

    /* Fonts */
    --font-heading: 'Inter', system-ui, sans-serif;

    /* Radii */
    --radius-md: 0.375rem;
    --radius-xl: 0.75rem;
    --radius-2xl: 1.25rem;

    /* Shadows */
    --shadow-md: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 2px 4px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
    --shadow-lg: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 4px 6px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);

    /* Transitions */
    --ease-out: cubic-bezier(0, 0, 0.2, 1);
    --ease-spring: cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    --duration-normal: 0.3s;
}

/* Remove underline on hover for all links globally */
a {
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

.pkp_structure_page {
    box-shadow: 1px 3px 9px 5px rgba(40, 40, 40, 0.52);
}

.pkp_block {
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: 5px;
    border: solid 1px rgba(157, 157, 159, 0.5);
    padding: 0 5px 12px;
    margin: 0 5px 10px;
    color: inherit;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    text-align: center;
}

.sidebar,
.sidebar-content {
    text-align: center;
}

.sidebar-title {
    padding: 0.5em 1em;
    font-size: large;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    display: block;
    color: #ffffff;
    font-weight: bold;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    margin-left: -5px;
    margin-right: -5px;
    text-align: center;
}

.sidebar-content img {
    max-width: 270px;
    max-height: 355px;
    box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 1, 1, 0.5);
    transition: transform 0.4s ease, box-shadow 0.4s ease !important;
}

.sidebar-content img:hover {
    transform: scale(1.04) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 24px 56px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14) !important;
}

.sidebar-menu {
    padding: 10px;
    border-bottom: 2.3px solid #ffffff;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    color: #f8f8ff;
    text-align: right;
}

.sidebar-menu a {
    color: #ffffff;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: medium;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.sidebar-menu a::before {
    content: " ";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 0;
    width: 3px;
    height: 100%;
    background: #ffffff;
    transform: scaleY(0);
    transition: transform 0.25s ease;
    transform-origin: bottom;
}

.sidebar-menu a:hover::before {
    transform: scaleY(1);
    transform-origin: top;
}

#openid-provider-list {
    padding: 0;
    width: auto;
}

/* ── Homepage Banner Image ── */
.homepage_image {
    position: relative;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    animation: fadeInUp 0.5s var(--ease-out) 0.1s both;
}

.homepage_image img {
    width: 100%;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.6s var(--ease-out);
}

.homepage_image:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.02);
}

/* ── About the Journal / Description ── */
.pkp_structure_main h2,
.page_about h2,
h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text);
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 0.6rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.pkp_structure_main>h2::after,
.page_about h2::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 45px;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary), var(--primary-dark));
    border-radius: 2px;
}

/* ── About Table Enhancement ── */
.pkp_structure_main table,
table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: separate;
    border-spacing: 0;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    margin: 1rem 0 1.5rem;
    font-size: 0.92rem;
}

table tr:nth-child(even) {
    background: #f7f9fc;
}

table tr:hover {
    background: #e6f7f0;
}

table td,
table th {
    padding: 0.7rem 1rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(226, 232, 240, 0.5);
    text-align: left;
}

table td:first-child,
table th:first-child {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary);
    white-space: nowrap;
    width: 180px;
}

/* ── Cover Issue Effect ── */
.obj_issue_summary .cover img {
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
    max-width: 220px;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.obj_issue_summary .cover img:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px) scale(1.02);
    box-shadow: 0 24px 56px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);
}

/* ── Footer Enhancement ── */
.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper {
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    padding: 2.5rem 2rem 1.5rem;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--gradient-highlight);
}

.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: -80px;
    right: -80px;
    width: 250px;
    height: 250px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.03) 0%, transparent 70%);
    border-radius: 50%;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper a {
    color: var(--primary-glow) !important;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper a:hover {
    color: #a7f3d0 !important;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper p {
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 1.8;
    font-size: 0.92rem;
}

.pkp_footer_content {
    max-width: 700px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    text-align: center;
}

.pkp_footer_content p {
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.pkp_footer_content strong,
.pkp_footer_content b {
    color: #ffffff;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.pkp_brand_footer {
    display: none !important;
}

/* ── Hero Section ── */
.hero {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding: 2.5rem 2rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-2xl);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e0f2fe 0%, #f0fdf4 50%, #eff6ff 100%);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hero::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: -50%;
    right: -20%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.06) 0%, transparent 70%);
    border-radius: 50%;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.hero h1 {
    margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 2.5vw, 2.8rem);
    font-weight: 800;
    line-height: 1.1;
    color: var(--text);
}

.hero p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.85;
}

/* ── Index Logos Section ── */
.section,
.section-indeks {
    overflow: hidden;
    background: var(--surface);
}

.section {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.5s var(--ease-out) 0.25s both;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.section-indeks {
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
}

.section-header {
    padding: 1.5rem 1.75rem 0;
}

.section-header h2 {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text);
}

.section-header p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.75;
}

.logo-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(150px, 1fr));
    gap: 1rem;
    padding: 1.5rem;
}

.logo-card {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    min-height: 100px;
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    background: var(--surface-soft);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    transition: transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-spring),
        box-shadow var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-out),
        border-color var(--duration-normal) ease;
}

.logo-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    border-color: var(--primary-glow);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.logo-card img {
    max-width: 100%;
    max-height: 55px;
    object-fit: contain;
    transition: transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-out);
}

.logo-card:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

/* ── Modern Action Buttons ── */
.journal-action-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
}

.btn-modern {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1rem;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    transition: all 0.3s var(--ease-out);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    cursor: pointer;
    border: none;
}

.btn-submit {
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    color: #ffffff !important;
}

.btn-submit:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    background: var(--gradient-highlight);
    color: #ffffff !important;
}

.btn-guidelines {
    background: var(--surface);
    color: var(--primary) !important;
    border: 2px solid var(--primary);
}

.btn-guidelines:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    background: var(--surface-soft);
    border-color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* ── Modern Editorial Board ── */
.modern-editorial-board {
    background: var(--surface);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-2xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    margin: 2rem 0;
}

.modern-editorial-board h4 {
    display: inline-block;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    color: #ffffff;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    padding: 0.6rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.modern-editorial-board h4:first-child {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.modern-editorial-board ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0 0 2rem 0;
    display: grid;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.modern-editorial-board li {
    background: var(--surface-soft);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 1rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease-out), box-shadow 0.3s var(--ease-out), border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.modern-editorial-board li:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    border-color: var(--primary-glow);
    background: #ffffff;
}

.editor-info {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    flex: 1 1 250px;
}

.editor-info strong {
    color: var(--text);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.editor-info em {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    font-style: normal;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    display: inline-block;
}

.editor-badges {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.editor-badges img {
    height: 28px;
    width: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
    border-radius: 4px;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.editor-badges a:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.editor-badges a,
.board-cert-empty {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    padding: 0.35rem 0.85rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    text-decoration: none !important;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.editor-badges a {
    background: rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.1);
    color: var(--primary) !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
}

.editor-badges a:hover {
    background: var(--primary);
    color: #ffffff !important;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.board-cert-empty {
    background: #f1f5f9;
    color: var(--muted);
    border: 1px dashed #cbd5e1;
    cursor: not-allowed;
}

.join-banner {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e0f2fe 0%, #eff6ff 100%);
    border: 1px solid #bae6fd;
    padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.join-banner p {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.join-banner a {
    color: var(--primary);
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.join-banner a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* ── Modern APC (Author Processing Charges) ── */
.modern-apc {
    background: var(--surface);
    border-radius: var(--radius-2xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    margin: 2rem 0;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.apc-header {
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    padding: 2rem 2rem 1.5rem;
    color: #ffffff;
    text-align: center;
}

.apc-header svg {
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    opacity: 0.9;
}

.apc-header h4 {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #ffffff;
}

.apc-header p {
    margin: 0;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.apc-cards-container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    padding: 2rem;
    background: var(--surface-soft);
}

.apc-card {
    background: var(--surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease-out), box-shadow 0.3s var(--ease-out), border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.apc-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border-color: var(--primary-glow);
}

.apc-card-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.apc-card-header h5 {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text);
}

.badge.free {
    background: #dcfce7;
    color: #166534;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.6rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    border: 1px solid #bbf7d0;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.apc-card-price {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.apc-card-price .currency {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--muted);
    margin-right: 0.25rem;
    margin-top: 0.35rem;
}

.apc-card-desc {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.btn-apc-pay {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    color: #ffffff !important;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    transition: all 0.3s var(--ease-out);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.2);
    border: none;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.btn-apc-pay:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.3);
    background: var(--gradient-highlight);
}

.apc-footer {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    padding: 1.25rem 2rem;
    background: #f8fafc;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.apc-footer p {
    margin: 0;
}

/* ── Modern Focus & Scope ── */
.modern-focus-scope {
    margin: 2rem 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.fs-section {
    background: var(--surface);
    border-radius: var(--radius-2xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.fs-header {
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    padding: 1.5rem 2rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    color: #ffffff;
}

.fs-icon {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    padding: 0.75rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.fs-header h3 {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #ffffff;
}

.fs-content {
    padding: 2rem;
}

.fs-content p {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.fs-content p strong {
    color: var(--text);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.fs-bullets {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.fs-bullets li {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 1.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.fs-bullets li::before {
    content: "✓";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 0;
    color: var(--primary);
    font-weight: 700;
}

.scope-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.scope-card {
    background: var(--surface-soft);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease-out), box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.scope-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    border-color: var(--primary-glow);
    background: #ffffff;
}

.scope-card h4 {
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.15);
    padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.scope-card ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.scope-card ul li {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.scope-card ul li::before {
    content: "•";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    color: var(--primary);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    line-height: 1;
    top: -2px;
}

/* ── Modern Downloads ── */
.modern-downloads {
    background: var(--surface);
    border-radius: var(--radius-2xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    margin: 2rem 0;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.download-header {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0f172a 0%, #1e293b 100%);
    padding: 2rem;
    color: #ffffff;
    text-align: center;
}

.download-header svg {
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--primary-glow);
}

.download-header h4 {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #ffffff;
}

.download-header p {
    margin: 0;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.download-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    padding: 2rem;
    background: #f8fafc;
}

.download-card {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    background: #ffffff;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    text-decoration: none !important;
    color: inherit;
    transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease-out), box-shadow 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.download-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    border-color: var(--primary);
}

.dl-icon {
    background: rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.1);
    color: var(--primary);
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    transition: background 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;
}

.download-card:hover .dl-icon {
    background: var(--primary);
    color: #ffffff;
}

.dl-info h5 {
    margin: 0 0 0.25rem;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text);
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
}

.dl-info span {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.download-footer {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 1.25rem 2rem;
    background: #ffffff;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.download-footer p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.download-footer strong {
    color: var(--primary);
}

/* similarity style */
#articlesBySimilarityList {
    background: var(--surface);
    border-radius: var(--radius-2xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    margin: 2.5rem 0;
    padding: 2rem;
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    max-width: 800px;
}

#articlesBySimilarityList::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
}

#articlesBySimilarityList h2.label {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text);
    margin: 0 0 1.5rem 0;
    padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.1);
}

#articlesBySimilarityList ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: grid;
    gap: 1rem;
}

#articlesBySimilarityList ul li {
    background: var(--surface-soft);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
    color: transparent;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

#articlesBySimilarityList ul li::first-line {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 600;
}

#articlesBySimilarityList ul li:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    border-color: var(--primary-glow);
    background: #ffffff;
}

#articlesBySimilarityList ul li a:first-of-type {
    display: block;
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
    line-height: 1.4;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    margin: 0.5rem 0 0.75rem 0;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

#articlesBySimilarityList ul li a:first-of-type:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: none;
}

#articlesBySimilarityList ul li a:last-of-type {
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary);
    background: rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.1);
    padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
    margin-left: -10px;
    /* Hide comma space */
}

#articlesBySimilarityList ul li a:last-of-type:hover {
    background: var(--primary);
    color: #ffffff;
}

#articlesBySimilarityList .cmp_pagination {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
    padding-top: 1.5rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
}

#articlesBySimilarityList .cmp_pagination span.current {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--muted);
}

#articlesBySimilarityList .cmp_pagination a {
    background: var(--surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--primary);
    color: var(--primary);
    padding: 0.5rem 1.25rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

#articlesBySimilarityList .cmp_pagination a:hover {
    background: var(--primary);
    color: #ffffff;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

#articlesBySimilaritySearch {
    margin: 1.5rem 0 0;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    background: #f8fafc;
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
}

#articlesBySimilaritySearch a {
    color: var(--primary);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    position: relative;
}

#articlesBySimilaritySearch a:hover {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* ── Modern Issue Page ── */
.page_issue {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.5s var(--ease-out) 0.1s both;
}

.page_issue h1 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--text);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
}

.page_issue h1::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 60px;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.obj_issue_toc {
    background: var(--surface);
    border-radius: var(--radius-2xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fafc 0%, #e2e8f0 100%);
    padding: 1.5rem 2rem;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1rem;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    position: relative;
    justify-items: center;
}

@media (min-width: 640px) {
    .obj_issue_toc .heading {
        grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
        grid-template-rows: auto auto;
        gap: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
        justify-items: start;
    }
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
}

.obj_issue_toc .cover {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
}

@media (min-width: 640px) {
    .obj_issue_toc .cover {
        grid-column: 1 / 2;
        grid-row: 1 / 3;
    }
}

.obj_issue_toc .cover img {
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    max-width: 150px;
    transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease-out), box-shadow 0.3s var(--ease-out);
    display: block;
}

.obj_issue_toc .cover img:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px) scale(1.02);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .pub_id,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .published {
    background: #ffffff;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    width: fit-content;
}

@media (min-width: 640px) {
    .obj_issue_toc .heading .pub_id {
        grid-column: 2 / 3;
        grid-row: 1 / 2;
        align-self: end;
        margin-bottom: -0.25rem;
    }

    .obj_issue_toc .heading .published {
        grid-column: 2 / 3;
        grid-row: 2 / 3;
        align-self: start;
        margin-top: -0.25rem;
    }
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .pub_id .type,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .published .label {
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    background: var(--surface-soft);
    padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .pub_id a,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .published .value {
    color: var(--text);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .pub_id a {
    color: var(--primary);
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .pub_id a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.obj_issue_toc .sections {
    padding: 2.5rem;
}

.obj_issue_toc .section h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    color: var(--text);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.15);
    padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.cmp_article_list.articles {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: grid;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.cmp_article_list.articles>li {
    background: var(--surface-soft);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease-out), box-shadow 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.cmp_article_list.articles>li:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    border-color: var(--primary-glow);
    background: #ffffff;
}

.obj_article_summary {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.obj_article_summary .title {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.obj_article_summary .title a {
    color: var(--text);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.obj_article_summary .title a:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
}

.obj_article_summary .meta {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1rem;
    align-items: center;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.obj_article_summary .authors {
    font-weight: 600;
}

.obj_article_summary .pages {
    background: #e2e8f0;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text);
}

.obj_article_summary .galleys_links {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.obj_article_summary .galleys_links li a.obj_galley_link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.1);
    color: var(--primary);
    padding: 0.5rem 1.25rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
}

.obj_article_summary .galleys_links li a.obj_galley_link:hover {
    background: var(--primary);
    color: #ffffff;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* ── Modern Article Details Page ── */
.obj_article_details {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.5s var(--ease-out) 0.1s both;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.obj_article_details .page_title {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3vw, 2.5rem);
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--text);
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
}

.obj_article_details .page_title::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 80px;
    height: 5px;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    border-radius: 3px;
}

.obj_article_details .row {
    display: grid;
    gap: 2rem;
    align-items: start;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    width: 100%;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .obj_article_details .row {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 2fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
        gap: 1rem;
    }
}

/* Main Entry Content */
.obj_article_details .main_entry {
    grid-column: 1 / 2 !important;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    min-width: 0;
    width: 100% !important;
    float: none !important;
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item {
    background: var(--surface);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    padding: 1.5rem 2rem;
    transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.abstract {
    background: var(--surface-soft);
    border-left: 5px solid var(--primary);
    border-radius: 0 var(--radius-xl) var(--radius-xl) 0;
    padding: 2rem;
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.doi {
    padding: 1.25rem 2rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item .label {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.1);
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    display: block;
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.doi .label {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    border: none;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--text);
    display: inline-block;
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item .value {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.7;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.doi .value a {
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.doi .value a:hover {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* Keywords — Tag Pills */
.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.keywords {
    padding: 1.5rem 2rem;
    display: block;
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.keywords .label {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
    padding: 0 0 0.5rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.1);
    display: block;
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.keywords .value {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0;
    line-height: 0;
}

/* Make each comma-separated keyword look like a pill.
   OJS outputs keywords as plain text separated by commas,
   so we style the entire .value span and use word-spacing tricks */

/* Fallback: if keywords are NOT individually wrapped */
.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.keywords .value {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    line-height: 2.4;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* If keywords ARE individually wrapped in spans/links */
.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.keywords .value a,
.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.keywords .value span:not(.label) {
    display: inline-block;
    background: rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.08);
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    padding: 0.35rem 0.85rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.4;
    border: 1px solid rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.15);
    transition: all 0.25s ease;
    margin: 0.15rem 0;
}

.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.keywords .value a:hover,
.obj_article_details .main_entry>.item.keywords .value span:not(.label):hover {
    background: var(--primary);
    color: #ffffff;
    border-color: var(--primary);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.2);
}

/* Authors */
.obj_article_details .item.authors {
    padding: 1.5rem 2rem;
}

.obj_article_details .item.authors h2.pkp_screen_reader {
    border: 0;
    clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
    height: 1px;
    margin: -1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 0;
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
}

.obj_article_details ul.authors {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(240px, 1fr));
    gap: 1rem;
}

.obj_article_details ul.authors li {
    background: var(--surface-soft);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease-out), box-shadow 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.obj_article_details ul.authors li:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    border-color: var(--primary-glow);
    background: #ffffff;
}

.obj_article_details ul.authors li::before {
    content: "";
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 42px;
    height: 42px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.15), rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.05));
    border: 2px solid rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.2);
    background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='20' height='20' fill='%230d8c62' viewBox='0 0 16 16'%3E%3Cpath d='M8 8a3 3 0 1 0 0-6 3 3 0 0 0 0 6m2-3a2 2 0 1 1-4 0 2 2 0 0 1 4 0m4 8c0 1-1 1-1 1H3s-1 0-1-1 1-4 6-4 6 3 6 4m-1-.004c-.001-.246-.154-.986-.832-1.664C11.516 10.68 10.289 10 8 10s-3.516.68-4.168 1.332c-.678.678-.83 1.418-.832 1.664z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: center;
    background-size: 20px;
}

.obj_article_details ul.authors .name {
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--text);
    display: block;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.obj_article_details ul.authors .affiliation {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    margin-top: 0.15rem;
    display: block;
    font-style: italic;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

/* References */
.obj_article_details .item.references .value p {
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    padding-left: 1.5rem;
    text-indent: -1.5rem;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Sidebar Details */
.obj_article_details .entry_details {
    background: var(--surface);
    border-radius: var(--radius-2xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    margin-left: 10px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    position: sticky;
    top: 2rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    min-width: 0;
    width: 100% !important;
    float: none !important;
    align-self: start;
}

.obj_article_details .entry_details .item {
    margin-top: 1px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(226, 232, 240, 0.6);
    padding-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.obj_article_details .entry_details .item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.obj_article_details .entry_details .item .label {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text);
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
}

.obj_article_details .entry_details .sub_item {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.obj_article_details .entry_details .sub_item:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Cover Image */
.obj_article_details .cover_image img {
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
    margin: 0 auto;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.obj_article_details .cover_image a:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.02);
}

/* Galleys (Downloads) */
.obj_article_details .item.galleys {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--surface-soft) 0%, #ffffff 100%);
}

.obj_article_details .item.galleys h2.pkp_screen_reader {
    border: 0;
    clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
    height: 1px;
    margin: -1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 0;
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
}

.obj_article_details .galleys_links {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.obj_article_details .galleys_links .obj_galley_link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.85rem 1.75rem;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    color: #ffffff !important;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    transition: all 0.3s var(--ease-out);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.25);
    width: 100%;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.75px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.obj_article_details .galleys_links .obj_galley_link::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: -100%;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15), transparent);
    transition: left 0.5s ease;
}

.obj_article_details .galleys_links .obj_galley_link:hover::before {
    left: 100%;
}

.obj_article_details .galleys_links .obj_galley_link:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.35);
    background: var(--gradient-highlight);
}

/* Issue Link */
.obj_article_details .issue .title {
    color: var(--primary);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
    display: inline-block;
    background: rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.1);
    padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
}

.obj_article_details .issue .title:hover {
    background: var(--primary);
    color: #ffffff;
}

/* Copyright License */
.obj_article_details .copyright img {
    margin: 0.5rem 0;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.obj_article_details .copyright p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

/* Publication Facts Plugin Constraints */
.obj_article_details .entry_details .item.pflPlugin {
    max-width: 100%;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   ── Modern Login & Register Pages
   ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */

/* ── Shared Page Layout ── */
.page_login,
.page_register {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.5s var(--ease-out) 0.1s both;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 2rem 0;
    max-width: 750px;
}

/* ── Page Title ── */
.page_login>h1,
.page_register>h1 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3vw, 2.4rem);
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--text);
    text-align: center;
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
}

.page_login>h1::after,
.page_register>h1::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 60px;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

/* ── Required notice ── */
.page_login>p,
.page_register>p {
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.page_login abbr.required,
.page_register abbr.required {
    color: #ef4444;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 700;
}

/* ── Breadcrumbs ── */
.page_login .cmp_breadcrumbs,
.page_register .cmp_breadcrumbs {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.page_login .cmp_breadcrumbs ol,
.page_register .cmp_breadcrumbs ol {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.25rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.page_login .cmp_breadcrumbs a,
.page_register .cmp_breadcrumbs a {
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.page_login .cmp_breadcrumbs a:hover,
.page_register .cmp_breadcrumbs a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.page_login .cmp_breadcrumbs .separator,
.page_register .cmp_breadcrumbs .separator {
    color: var(--muted);
    opacity: 0.5;
    margin: 0 0.15rem;
}

.page_login .cmp_breadcrumbs .current,
.page_register .cmp_breadcrumbs .current {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* ── Form Card Container ── */
.page_login .cmp_form,
.page_register .cmp_form {
    background: var(--surface);
    border-radius: var(--radius-2xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    padding: 2.5rem 2rem;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    max-width: 750px;
}

.page_login .cmp_form::before,
.page_register .cmp_form::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--gradient-highlight);
}

/* ── Fieldset & Legend ── */
.page_login fieldset,
.page_register fieldset {
    border: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0 0 1.5rem;
}

.page_login fieldset legend,
.page_register fieldset legend {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text);
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.12);
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
}

.page_login fieldset legend.pkp_screen_reader,
.page_register fieldset legend.pkp_screen_reader {
    border: 0;
    clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
    height: 1px;
    margin: -1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 0;
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
}

/* ── Fieldset Sections (Register) ── */
.page_register fieldset.identity,
.page_register fieldset.login,
.page_register fieldset.consent {
    background: var(--surface-soft);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    padding: 1.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    transition: border-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.page_register fieldset.identity:hover,
.page_register fieldset.login:hover,
.page_register fieldset.consent:hover {
    border-color: rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.25);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.06);
}

.page_register fieldset.identity legend,
.page_register fieldset.login legend {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.12);
}

/* ── Input Fields Grid ── */
.page_login .fields,
.page_register .fields {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.25rem;
}

/* ── Label Styling ── */
.page_login .fields label,
.page_register .fields label {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.4rem;
}

.page_login .fields .label,
.page_register .fields .label {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.25rem;
}

.page_login .fields .required,
.page_register .fields .required {
    color: #ef4444;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.page_login .pkp_screen_reader,
.page_register .pkp_screen_reader {
    border: 0;
    clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
    height: 1px;
    margin: -1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 0;
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
}

/* ── Text Inputs, Email, Password, Select ── */
.page_login input[type="text"],
.page_login input[type="password"],
.page_login input[type="email"],
.page_register input[type="text"],
.page_register input[type="password"],
.page_register input[type="email"],
.page_register select {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    color: var(--text);
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 2px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    outline: none;
    transition: border-color 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease, background 0.25s ease;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    -webkit-appearance: none;
    appearance: none;
}

.page_login input[type="text"]:hover,
.page_login input[type="password"]:hover,
.page_login input[type="email"]:hover,
.page_register input[type="text"]:hover,
.page_register input[type="password"]:hover,
.page_register input[type="email"]:hover,
.page_register select:hover {
    border-color: #94a3b8;
    background: var(--surface-soft);
}

.page_login input[type="text"]:focus,
.page_login input[type="password"]:focus,
.page_login input[type="email"]:focus,
.page_register input[type="text"]:focus,
.page_register input[type="password"]:focus,
.page_register input[type="email"]:focus,
.page_register select:focus {
    border-color: var(--primary);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.12);
    background: #ffffff;
}

.page_login input::placeholder,
.page_register input::placeholder {
    color: #94a3b8;
    font-weight: 400;
}

/* ── Select Dropdown ── */
.page_register select {
    background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='12' height='12' fill='%2364748b' viewBox='0 0 16 16'%3E%3Cpath d='M7.247 11.14 2.451 5.658C1.885 5.013 2.345 4 3.204 4h9.592a1 1 0 0 1 .753 1.659l-4.796 5.48a1 1 0 0 1-1.506 0z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: right 1rem center;
    background-size: 12px;
    padding-right: 2.5rem;
    cursor: pointer;
}

/* ── Forgot Password Link ── */
.page_login .password a {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.page_login .password a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* ── Checkbox (Remember me & Consent) ── */
.page_login .remember label,
.page_register .optin label {
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.page_login .remember input[type="checkbox"],
.page_register .optin input[type="checkbox"],
.page_register .consent input[type="checkbox"] {
    -webkit-appearance: none;
    appearance: none;
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    min-width: 20px;
    border: 2px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: 5px;
    background: #ffffff;
    cursor: pointer;
    position: relative;
    margin-top: 2px;
    transition: background 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.page_login .remember input[type="checkbox"]:hover,
.page_register .optin input[type="checkbox"]:hover,
.page_register .consent input[type="checkbox"]:hover {
    border-color: var(--primary);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.1);
}

.page_login .remember input[type="checkbox"]:checked,
.page_register .optin input[type="checkbox"]:checked,
.page_register .consent input[type="checkbox"]:checked {
    background: var(--primary);
    border-color: var(--primary);
}

.page_login .remember input[type="checkbox"]:checked::after,
.page_register .optin input[type="checkbox"]:checked::after,
.page_register .consent input[type="checkbox"]:checked::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 5px;
    top: 1px;
    width: 6px;
    height: 11px;
    border: solid #ffffff;
    border-width: 0 2.5px 2.5px 0;
    transform: rotate(45deg);
}

/* ── ORCID Button ── */
.page_register #connect-orcid-button {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 2px solid #A6CE39;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    padding: 0.6rem 1.5rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--text);
    transition: all 0.3s var(--ease-out);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
}

.page_register #connect-orcid-button:hover {
    background: #f7fee7;
    border-color: #84b520;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.page_register .orcid_button_container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0;
}

.page_register .orcid_icon {
    width: 24px;
    height: 24px;
}

.page_register a[href*="orcid/about"] {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-left: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.page_register a[href*="orcid/about"]:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* ── Privacy Consent Section ── */
.page_register fieldset.consent legend {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.page_register .optin a {
    color: var(--primary);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.page_register .optin a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* ── reCAPTCHA ── */
.page_register .recaptcha_wrapper {
    border: none;
    margin: 0 0 1.5rem;
    padding: 0;
}

.page_register .recaptcha {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
}

.page_register .g-recaptcha {
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
}

/* ── Buttons Area ── */
.page_login .buttons,
.page_register .buttons {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    margin-top: 1.75rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* Submit Button */
.page_login .buttons .submit,
.page_register .buttons .submit {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0.85rem 2.5rem;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #ffffff;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    border: none;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s var(--ease-out);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.25);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.75px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.page_login .buttons .submit::before,
.page_register .buttons .submit::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: -100%;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15), transparent);
    transition: left 0.5s ease;
}

.page_login .buttons .submit:hover::before,
.page_register .buttons .submit:hover::before {
    left: 100%;
}

.page_login .buttons .submit:hover,
.page_register .buttons .submit:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.35);
    background: var(--gradient-highlight);
}

.page_login .buttons .submit:active,
.page_register .buttons .submit:active {
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.3);
}

/* Secondary Links (Register / Login) */
.page_login .buttons .register,
.page_register .buttons .login {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 0.85rem 2rem;
    border: 2px solid var(--primary);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    transition: all 0.3s var(--ease-out);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.75px;
}

.page_login .buttons .register:hover,
.page_register .buttons .login:hover {
    background: var(--primary);
    color: #ffffff;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.25);
}

/* ── Fade-in Animation (if not already defined) ── */
@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(20px);
    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

/* ── Responsive ── */
@media (max-width: 640px) {

    .page_login,
    .page_register {
        padding: 1rem 0;
    }

    .page_login .cmp_form,
    .page_register .cmp_form {
        padding: 1.75rem 1.25rem;
        border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    }

    .page_register fieldset.identity,
    .page_register fieldset.login,
    .page_register fieldset.consent {
        padding: 1.25rem;
    }

    .page_login .buttons,
    .page_register .buttons {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.75rem;
    }

    .page_login .buttons .submit,
    .page_register .buttons .submit,
    .page_lost_password .buttons .submit,
    .page_login .buttons .register,
    .page_register .buttons .login,
    .page_lost_password .buttons .register {
        width: 100%;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .page_lost_password {
        padding: 1rem 0;
    }

    .page_lost_password .cmp_form {
        padding: 1.75rem 1.25rem;
        border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    }

    .page_lost_password .buttons {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.75rem;
    }
}

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   ── Modern Lost / Reset Password Page
   ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */

.page_lost_password {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.5s var(--ease-out) 0.1s both;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 2rem 0;
    max-width: 750px;
}

.page_lost_password>h1 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3vw, 2.4rem);
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--text);
    text-align: center;
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
}

.page_lost_password>h1::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 60px;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.page_lost_password>p {
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

/* Breadcrumbs */
.page_lost_password .cmp_breadcrumbs {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.page_lost_password .cmp_breadcrumbs ol {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.25rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.page_lost_password .cmp_breadcrumbs a {
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.page_lost_password .cmp_breadcrumbs a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.page_lost_password .cmp_breadcrumbs .separator {
    color: var(--muted);
    opacity: 0.5;
    margin: 0 0.15rem;
}

.page_lost_password .cmp_breadcrumbs .current {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* Form Card */
.page_lost_password .cmp_form {
    background: var(--surface);
    border-radius: var(--radius-2xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    padding: 2.5rem 2rem;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    max-width: 750px;
}

.page_lost_password .cmp_form::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--gradient-highlight);
}

/* Fields */
.page_lost_password .fields {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.25rem;
}

.page_lost_password .fields label {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.4rem;
}

.page_lost_password .fields .label {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.25rem;
}

.page_lost_password .fields .required {
    color: #ef4444;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.page_lost_password .pkp_screen_reader {
    border: 0;
    clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
    height: 1px;
    margin: -1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 0;
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
}

/* Input */
.page_lost_password input[type="email"] {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    color: var(--text);
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 2px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    outline: none;
    transition: border-color 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease, background 0.25s ease;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    -webkit-appearance: none;
    appearance: none;
}

.page_lost_password input[type="email"]:hover {
    border-color: #94a3b8;
    background: var(--surface-soft);
}

.page_lost_password input[type="email"]:focus {
    border-color: var(--primary);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.12);
    background: #ffffff;
}

.page_lost_password input::placeholder {
    color: #94a3b8;
    font-weight: 400;
}

/* Buttons */
.page_lost_password .buttons {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    margin-top: 1.75rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.page_lost_password .buttons .submit {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0.85rem 2.5rem;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #ffffff;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    border: none;
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s var(--ease-out);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.25);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.75px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.page_lost_password .buttons .submit::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: -100%;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15), transparent);
    transition: left 0.5s ease;
}

.page_lost_password .buttons .submit:hover::before {
    left: 100%;
}

.page_lost_password .buttons .submit:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.35);
    background: var(--gradient-highlight);
}

.page_lost_password .buttons .submit:active {
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.3);
}

.page_lost_password .buttons .register {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 0.85rem 2rem;
    border: 2px solid var(--primary);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    transition: all 0.3s var(--ease-out);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.75px;
}

.page_lost_password .buttons .register:hover {
    background: var(--primary);
    color: #ffffff;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(13, 140, 98, 0.25);
}

/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   ── Modern Issue Archive Page
   ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */

.page_issue_archive {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.5s var(--ease-out) 0.1s both;
}

/* Breadcrumbs */
.page_issue_archive .cmp_breadcrumbs {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.page_issue_archive .cmp_breadcrumbs ol {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.25rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.page_issue_archive .cmp_breadcrumbs a {
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.page_issue_archive .cmp_breadcrumbs a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.page_issue_archive .cmp_breadcrumbs .separator {
    color: var(--muted);
    opacity: 0.5;
    margin: 0 0.15rem;
}

.page_issue_archive .cmp_breadcrumbs .current {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* Page Title */
.page_issue_archive>h1 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3vw, 2.4rem);
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--text);
    margin: 0 0 2rem;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
}

.page_issue_archive>h1::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 60px;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--gradient-primary);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

/* Issues List */
.page_issue_archive .issues_archive {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

/* Issue Card — Horizontal Layout */
.page_issue_archive .issues_archive>li {
    background: var(--surface);
    border-radius: var(--radius-2xl);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease-out), box-shadow 0.3s var(--ease-out), border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.page_issue_archive .issues_archive>li:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border-color: var(--primary-glow);
}

/* Summary: horizontal flex */
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: stretch;
    min-height: 200px;
}

/* Cover — left side, flush with card */
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .cover {
    display: block;
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 180px;
    background: var(--surface-soft);
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .cover::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    width: 40%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(to left, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04), transparent);
    pointer-events: none;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .cover img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    display: block;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.5s var(--ease-out);
    border-radius: 0;
    box-shadow: none;
    max-width: none;
}

.page_issue_archive .issues_archive>li:hover .cover img {
    transform: scale(1.06);
}

/* Content area — right side */
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary h2,
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .description {
    padding-left: 1.5rem;
    padding-right: 1.5rem;
}

/* Title — card header */
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary h2 {
    margin: 0;
    padding-top: 1.5rem;
    padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.4;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary h2::after {
    display: none;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary h2 a.title {
    color: var(--text);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary h2 a.title:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
}

/* Description — card body */
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .description {
    padding-top: 0.75rem;
    padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
    flex-grow: 1;
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .description p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

/* Responsive — stack vertically on mobile */
@media (max-width: 640px) {
    .page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary .cover {
        width: 100%;
        max-height: 220px;
    }
}