Author Guidelines

AUTHOR GUIDELINES

Before the article is published, authors are required to conduct a self-review to ensure that the manuscript meets the journal’s quality standards. Please complete the self-assessment using the following link:
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1oT3cm42yZHGlfcmilfMeLfDJuJSbYYmKmRL4RMK8eDA/edit?usp=sharing

Make sure all indicators are filled in accurately and reflect the actual condition of the manuscript before proceeding to publication.

A. General Requirements

• Manuscripts must be written in English using clear, concise, and academic language.
• Submissions must be original, not previously published, and not under consideration elsewhere.
• Manuscripts must follow the journal template and this guideline strictly.
• Articles that do not comply with these guidelines will be rejected or returned without review (desk reject).

B. Publication Ethics

This journal adheres to the principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

1. Editor Responsibilities

• Evaluate manuscripts based on academic merit only
• Ensure fair, unbiased, and confidential review process
• Avoid conflicts of interest
• Make final publication decisions based on reviewer input

2. Reviewer Responsibilities

• Provide objective and constructive feedback
• Maintain confidentiality
• Declare conflicts of interest
• Review within the assigned timeline

3. Author Responsibilities

• Ensure originality and avoid plagiarism
• Present accurate data and results
• Properly cite all sources
• Avoid multiple submissions
• Disclose conflicts of interest
• Revise manuscripts according to reviewer comments

4. Publisher Responsibilities

• Handle ethical misconduct appropriately
• Issue corrections or retractions when necessary

C. Manuscript Structure

Manuscripts must follow the IMRAD format:

1. Introduction
2. Method
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusion

Important:

• Separate sections such as Literature Review or Theoretical Framework are not allowed
• Theoretical discussion must be integrated into the Discussion section

D. Title

• Must reflect the main findings or novelty of the research
• Avoid generic titles such as:
  • “Effect of…”
  • “Relationship between…”
  • “Analysis of…”
• Avoid including study location unless it is a key finding

E. Authors and Affiliations

• Author names must be written without academic titles
• Affiliations must be complete:
  Department, Faculty, University, Country
• Do not include phone numbers
• Use superscripts (¹,²,³) only if affiliations differ
• Indicate corresponding author using (*)

F. Abstract

• Written in English, 150–250 words, single paragraph
• Must include:
  • Brief background
  • Objective
  • Method
  • Main findings
  • Conclusion

Restrictions:

• No citations
• No detailed discussion

G. Keywords

• 3–5 keywords or phrases
• Must represent the core content of the article
• Avoid overly general terms

H. Introduction

Must be structured as follows:

1. Brief background (max. 1 paragraph)
2. State of the art (previous studies)
3. Research gap
4. Novelty statement
5. Research objectives

Notes:

• Avoid generic definitions
• Avoid weak expressions such as “this study attempts…”

I. Method

Must be clear and detailed:

• Research design
• Data collection methods
• Data analysis techniques

The method must allow replication by other researchers.

J. Results and Discussion

Results

• Present processed data (not raw data)
• Use tables or figures appropriately
• Highlight key findings

Discussion

• Explain the meaning of results
• Link findings with theory
• Compare with previous studies

K. Tables and Figures

• Use Arabic numbering (Table 1, Figure 1)
• Table titles above; figure captions below
• Must be referenced in text (e.g., “Table 1 shows…”)
• Do not use:
  • “below”, “above”, “following”
• Figures must be clear (not blurry)
• Tables must:
  • Not contain vertical lines
  • Not be images

L. Equations (if any)

• Must be numbered sequentially
• Symbols explained in paragraph form

M. Conclusion

• Must directly answer research objectives
• Written in paragraph form
• No repetition of discussion
• No restating objectives

N. References

• Minimum 15 references
• At least 80% from journal articles
• Preferably from the last 10 years
• Must follow consistent citation style

O. Writing Style

• Use formal academic English
• Avoid bullet points and numbering in the main text
• Each paragraph must be well-developed (minimum 3 sentences)
• Avoid general definitions

P. Submission and Review Process

• Double-blind peer review
• Reviewed by at least 2 reviewers
• Decision categories:
  • Accepted
  • Minor revision
  • Major revision
  • Rejected

Q. Important Notes

• Manuscripts that do not follow this guideline will be automatically rejected
• Authors must ensure compliance before submission