Digital transformation in education requires teachers to possess strong digital literacy and adequate educational facilities and infrastructure to support effective digital learning. However, the quality of education in public elementary schools in Serang Regency continues to face several challenges, including the limited integration of technology into classroom instruction, inadequate educational facilities and infrastructure, and the low effectiveness of digital learning. This study aims to analyze the effects of digital literacy and educational facilities and infrastructure on educational quality, both directly and indirectly through digital learning effectiveness as a mediating variable in public elementary schools in Serang Regency. This study employed a quantitative approach using an explanatory survey design. The study involved 264 teachers from public elementary schools in Serang Regency. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to examine the direct and indirect relationships among the variables. The findings indicate that digital literacy and educational facilities and infrastructure have positive and significant effects on educational quality, both directly and indirectly through digital learning effectiveness as a mediating variable. In conclusion, improving teachers' digital literacy, supported by adequate educational facilities and infrastructure and effective digital learning, plays an important role in enhancing the quality of education in public elementary schools in Serang Regency. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and schools in formulating strategies to improve educational quality through digital transformation.

Formats

PDF (reading now)
Article page

Published in

Journal of Education and Teaching Learning
Vol.4 No.2 October (2026)

Pages

References 48

Audrin, C., & Audrin, B. (2022). Key factors in digital literacy in learning and education: A systematic literature review using text mining. Education and Information Technologies, 27(6), 7395–7419. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10832-5 DOI
Ayusaputri, KG, Musatafa, IA, Syamsuddin, S., & Warman, W. (2024). Management of facilities and infrastructure to improve the quality of educational services. Basicedu Journal, 8(6), 4766–4776. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v8i6.9082 DOI
Bacalja, A., Beavis, C., & O'Brien, A. (2022). Shifting landscapes of digital literacy. The Australian Journal of Language and Literacy, 45(3), 253–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44020-022-00019-x DOI
Bond, M., & Bedenlier, S. (2019). Facilitating Student Engagement Through Educational Technology: Towards a Conceptual Framework. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 2019(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.5334/jime.528 DOI
Deming, W.E. (1986). Out of the Crisis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Advanced Engineering Study.
Dewi, KR, Subrata, H., & Puspita, AMI (2025). Implementation of digital literacy in schools: A systematic literature review. Pendas: Scientific Journal of Elementary Education, 10(1), 213–223. https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i01.21079 DOI
Febriyanti, F., Suryana, I., Mariska, P., Rohma, TS, Mutiarani, M., & Junianti, N. (2023). Procurement of Educational Facilities and Infrastructure in Islamic Education Institutions. Jurnal Sustainable, 6(1), 248–254. https://doi.org/10.32923/kjmp.v6i1.3739 DOI
Goczek, Ł., Witkowska, E., & Witkowski, B. (2021). How Does Education Quality Affect Economic Growth? Sustainability, 13(11), 6437. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116437 DOI
Hair, JF, Babin, BJ, Anderson, RE, & Black, W.C. (2022). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Hidayat, R., Sukiman, S., Suyatno, S., & Samaalee, A. (2025). Implementation of the Merdeka Mengajar Platform in developing teacher competencies: A systematic literature review. Journal of Education Research, 6(4), 791–804. https://doi.org/10.37985/jer.v6i4.2261 DOI
Hurriyah, N.K. (2022). Community participation in improving the quality of education in junior high schools. Ar-Rosikhun: Journal of Islamic Education Management, 2(1), 38–46. https://doi.org/10.18860/rosikhun.v2i1.13890 DOI
Jahnke, I. (2023). Quality of digital learning experiences - Effective, efficient, and appealing designs? International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 40(1), 17–30. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-05-2022-0105 DOI
Jahudin, AA, Ahmad, M., & Kamaludin, K. (2025). The effectiveness of government policies in improving the quality of education in Indonesia: Challenges, strategies, and ongoing collaboration. ULIL ALBAB: Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal, 4(2), 662–678. https://doi.org/10.56799/jim.v4i2.7029 DOI
Judijanto, L. (2024). Analysis of the influence of teachers' and students' digital literacy levels on the quality of learning in the digital era in Indonesia. Sanskara Education and Teaching, 2(2), 50–60. https://doi.org/10.58812/spp.v2i02.391 DOI
Karimah, P.W., Sutarjo, S., & Karyawati, L. (2022). Implementation of facility and infrastructure management to increase learning motivation of elementary school students. Wahana Pendidikan Scientific Journal, 8(9), 266–275. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651602 DOI
Ministry of Education, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, K. (2023). Regulation of the Minister of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2023 concerning Standards of Facilities and Infrastructure in Early Childhood Education, Elementary Education, and Secondary Education. Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/263717/permendikbudriset-no-22-tahun-2023 URL
Kurniyanti, W., Hastuti, YN, Warastuti, W., Sutopo, A., & Narimo, S. (2024). Strengthening quality culture through academic supervision in the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in elementary schools. Pendas: Scientific Journal of Elementary Education, 9(3), 732–747.
Lubis, LH, Febriani, B., Nasution, MF, Siregar, UD, & Salim, A. (2025). Developing Digital Literacy Among Teachers and Students: A Literature Review. Tarbiyah Bil Qalam: Journal of Religious Education and Science, 9(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.58822/tbq.v9i1.262 DOI
Mahasina, MGA, Mujahidin, E., & Andriana, N. (2025). A systematic approach to educational quality assurance planning: A case study in elementary schools. Educative: Journal of Educational Sciences, 7(1), 28–40. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v7i1.7941 DOI
Marlina, H., Sa'adah, HMR, Aszahra, L., Dewi, R., & Alpian, Y. (2024). The effectiveness of using digital-based learning media in elementary schools. Journal of Educational Innovation, 7(1), 52–65. https://ojs.co.id/1/index.php/jip/article/view/567 URL
Miao, F., Holmes, W., Huang, R., & Zhang, H. (2021). AI and Education: Guidance for Policy-Makers. UNESCO. https://doi.org/10.54675/PCSP7350 DOI
Mulyasa, HE (2022). Principal Management and Leadership. Bumi Aksara.
Munawir, M., Noviana, LL, & Dwiki, KM (2026). Improving the Quality of Education through Teacher Professionalism and Digital Technology. Tambusai Journal of Education, 10(2), 11617–11621. https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v10i2.38679 DOI
Mustika, B., & Hamidah, A. (2025). Facilities and Infrastructure in Improving Learning Quality Based on the Latest Literature Review 2020-2025: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Journal of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Education, 15(2), 562–568. https://doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v15i2.2637 DOI
Ningsih, SE, Lilianti, L., & Nurzaima, N. (2025). Optimizing the management of facilities and infrastructure to improve the quality of learning in elementary schools. Edum Journal, 8(1), 29–44. https://doi.org/10.31943/edumjournal.v8i1.306 DOI
OECD. (2023). OECD Digital Education Outlook 2023: Towards an Effective Digital Education Ecosystem. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/c74f03de-en DOI
Puspita, DG, & Andriani, DE (2021). Efforts to improve the quality of education in junior high schools and their problems. Journal of Education and Culture, 6(1), 21–37. https://doi.org/10.24832/jpnk.v6i1.1734 DOI
Puspitoningrum, E., Nurnoviyati, I., & Suhartono, S. (2024). The impact of technology implementation in elementary education learning: A case study on the effectiveness of using digital learning platforms in elementary schools. Al-Madrasah: Scientific Journal of Elementary Madrasah Education, 8(3), 970–979. https://doi.org/10.35931/am.v8i3.3635 DOI
Ramadhani, T., Anisah, A., Aulia, TH, Anastasya, SD, & Iskandar, S. (2025). Analysis of the effectiveness of using digital media in evaluating learning in elementary schools. Pendas: Scientific Journal of Elementary Education, 10(2), 467–481. https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i02.25261 DOI
Sallis, E. (2021). Total Quality Management in Education. IRCiSoD.
Septyaningrum, DD, Zulfa, NF, Hasanah, H., & Mu'alimin. (2025). Educational Quality Management: A Systematic Review of Implementation and Its Impact on Improving School Quality in Indonesia. ENDEKIA: Journal of Social Sciences, Language and Education, 5(4), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55606/cendekia.v5i4.7107 DOI
Setyawan, D., & Santosa, AB (2021). Principal and teacher competencies as the basis for achieving educational quality. EDUCATIVE: Journal of Educational Sciences, 3(5), 3269–3276. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v3i5.1261 DOI
Siwi, SWF, Panigoro, M., & Santoso, IR (2023). The influence of educational facilities and infrastructure management on the effectiveness of social studies learning in grade VIII. Journal on Teacher Education, 5(1), 513–522. https://doi.org/10.31004/jote.v5i1.20668 DOI
Supardi, S., Fauzi, A., Aminah, N., Maryati, M., & Nursaidah, N. (2025). Policy analysis of equal access and quality of education: A multidimensional study of general secondary schools, madrasas, and Islamic boarding schools. Journal of Education and Development, 13(1), 479–490. https://doi.org/10.37081/ed.v13i1.7080 DOI
Sutrisnaniati, E., Junainah, J., Widiayati, W., Azainil, A., & Sudarman, S. (2024). The role of management information systems in improving the quality of education in schools. Journal of Elementary, Middle, and Higher Education Management (JMP-DMT), 5(4), 537–546. https://doi.org/10.30596/jmp-dmt.v5i4.20980 DOI
Syafii, A., Bahar, B., Shobicah, S., & Muharam, A. (2023). Measuring the education quality index based on national standards. Indonesian Multidisciplinary Journal, 2(7), 1697–1701. https://doi.org/10.58344/jmi.v2i7.332 DOI
Syahrir, S., Pujiriyanto, P., As, M., Nur, FAM, & Fitri, S. (2024). Primary school STEM education innovation through ICT integration for teacher competency development: A systematic literature review. Journal of Education and Culture, 9(1), 47–61. https://doi.org/10.24832/jpnk.v9i1.4896 DOI
Tuanany, NJ, & Triwiyanto, T. (2024). Meta-Analysis: The Influence of Facilities and Infrastructure on Student Learning Outcomes. Journal of Educational Management: Scientific Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership, 6(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.21831/jump.v6i1.67285 DOI
Ulfiani, E., & Jakaria, J. (2025). Literature study: The role of facilities and infrastructure in improving the quality of learning in elementary schools. Pendas: Scientific Journal of Elementary Education, 10(2), 284–294. https://doi.org/10.29407/pendas.v10i2.1534 DOI
von Bertalanffy, L. (1968). General Systems Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications. George Braziller.
Vuorikari, R., Kluzer, S., & Punie, Y. (2022). DigComp 2.2: The Digital Competence Framework for Citizens: With New Examples of Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes. Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2760/115376 DOI
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press.
Warastuti, W., Prayitno, HJ, & Rahmawati, LE (2025). Application of digital literacy in developing students' critical thinking skills in elementary schools. Cetta: Journal of Educational Sciences, 8(2), 350–365. https://doi.org/10.37329/cetta.v8i2.4143 DOI
Widyawati, AD, & Karina, C. (2025). The importance of digital literacy in elementary schools: Equipping students for the future. Scientific Journal of Elementary Education (JIPDAS), 5(2), 917–923. https://doi.org/10.37081/jipdas.v5i2.2663 DOI
Winandar, ML, Agustin, S., Listiana, YR, & Windayana, H. (2022). Analysis of the management of elementary school educational facilities and infrastructure in villages and cities. NATURALISTIC: Journal of Educational Research and Learning Studies, 6(2), 1200–1210. https://doi.org/10.35568/naturalistic.v6i2.1684 DOI
Wulandari, S., & Sumarno, S. (2026). The Effect of Digital Media Use in Science Education in Elementary Schools: A Systematic Literature Review. Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 9(1), 164–178. https://doi.org/10.23887/jlls.v9i1.108349 DOI
Yanuarto, W.N., Setyaningsih, E., Hapsari, I., & Fukui, M. (2025). Realizing sustainable development goal 4 (SDG 4): Examining quality processes, content, and outcomes in higher education students. Al-Jabar: Journal of Mathematics Education, 16(2), 615–630. https://doi.org/10.24042/ajpm.v16i2.28533 DOI
Zhao, Y., & Watterston, J. (2021). The changes we need: Education post COVID-19. Journal of Educational Change, 22(1), 3–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-021-09417-3 DOI

Cite this article

Citation style

Rosyadi, U., Hanafi, M. S., & Ma'arif, M. (2026). The Effect of Digital Literacy and Educational Infrastructure on Educational Quality through Digital Learning Effectiveness in Public Elementary Schools in Serang Regency. Journal of Education and Teaching Learning, 4(2), 812–825. https://doi.org/10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.503

U. Rosyadi, M. S. Hanafi, and M. Ma'arif, “The Effect of Digital Literacy and Educational Infrastructure on Educational Quality through Digital Learning Effectiveness in Public Elementary Schools in Serang Regency,” Journal of Education and Teaching Learning, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 812–825, 2026, doi: 10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.503.

Rosyadi, Ubay, et al. “The Effect of Digital Literacy and Educational Infrastructure on Educational Quality through Digital Learning Effectiveness in Public Elementary Schools in Serang Regency.” Journal of Education and Teaching Learning, vol. 4, no. 2, 2026, pp. 812–825. https://doi.org/10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.503.

Rosyadi, Ubay, M. Syadeli Hanafi, and Minhatul Ma'arif. 2026. “The Effect of Digital Literacy and Educational Infrastructure on Educational Quality through Digital Learning Effectiveness in Public Elementary Schools in Serang Regency.” Journal of Education and Teaching Learning 4 (2): 812–825. https://doi.org/10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.503.

Rosyadi, U., Hanafi, M.S. and Ma'arif, M. (2026) ‘The Effect of Digital Literacy and Educational Infrastructure on Educational Quality through Digital Learning Effectiveness in Public Elementary Schools in Serang Regency’, Journal of Education and Teaching Learning, 4(2), pp. 812–825. doi: 10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.503.

Rosyadi U, Hanafi MS, Ma'arif M. The Effect of Digital Literacy and Educational Infrastructure on Educational Quality through Digital Learning Effectiveness in Public Elementary Schools in Serang Regency. Journal of Education and Teaching Learning. 2026;4(2):812–825. doi:10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.503

@article{rosyadi2026,
  author = {Rosyadi, Ubay and Hanafi, M. Syadeli and Ma'arif, Minhatul},
  title = {The Effect of Digital Literacy and Educational Infrastructure on Educational Quality through Digital Learning Effectiveness in Public Elementary Schools in Serang Regency},
  journal = {Journal of Education and Teaching Learning},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {812--825},
  doi = {10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.503},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.503},
  issn = {2986-3015},
  publisher = {PT Media Jurnal dan Pendidikan}
}

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosyadi, Ubay
AU  - Hanafi, M. Syadeli
AU  - Ma'arif, Minhatul
TI  - The Effect of Digital Literacy and Educational Infrastructure on Educational Quality through Digital Learning Effectiveness in Public Elementary Schools in Serang Regency
JO  - Journal of Education and Teaching Learning
PY  - 2026
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
SP  - 812
EP  - 825
DO  - 10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.503
UR  - https://doi.org/10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.503
SN  - 2986-3015
PB  - PT Media Jurnal dan Pendidikan
ER  -

Share

WhatsApp
X
Facebook
LinkedIn
E-mail

Comments

Comments are checked by the editorial team before they appear. Keep to the article's content; personal attacks, advertising and spam are removed.

Loading comments…

Write a comment

Please log in to comment. Log in

Loading the PDF…

Download Article page

Report a concern about this article

Use this form to tell the editorial team about an error, plagiarism, image or data manipulation, an authorship dispute or another concern. The editors handle it under the journal's Corrections and retractions policy. The authors are not told who reported it. Read the Corrections and retractions policy

The Effect of Digital Literacy and Educational Infrastructure on Educational Quality through Digital Learning Effectiveness in Public Elementary Schools in Serang Regency

Website

What is the concern? * Error in data, results or text Plagiarism or duplicate publication Image or data manipulation, fabrication Authorship or affiliation dispute Research ethics, consent or conflict of interest Citation manipulation or wrong references Other

Where in the article? (section, page, figure or table) Describe the concern *What is wrong, why, and what should be corrected. At least 30 characters. Evidence links (optional, one per line)

Your details (seen only by the editorial team)

Full name * E-mail (not shown) * Institution Your relation to the article

Conflicts of interest (optional) I confirm the report is made in good faith and the editorial team may contact me about it.