Educational Administration and Management Open access

PDF Cite this article Article information

Article information

Journal
Journal of Education and Teaching Learning
ISSN
e-ISSN 2986-3015 · p-ISSN 2986-3791
Issue
Vol.4 No.2 October (2026)
Section
Educational Administration and Management
Pages
1141-1150
Article ID
481
Submitted
17-09-2026
Published
21-10-2026
Language
English
License
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
DOI
10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.481

The Effect of Leadership Quality and Teacher Competence on Educational QualitythroughWork Motivation in Public Elementary Schools in Serang Regency

Studi SEM-PLS pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Kabupaten Serang

Authors

  • Bahaudin Universitas Bina Bangsa
    • Methodology
    • Writing – Original Draft Preparation
  • Erna Kusumawati Universitas Bina Bangsa
    • Umalihayati Universitas Bina Bangsa

      DOI:

      https://doi.org/10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.481

      Keywords:

      leadership quality, teacher competence, work motivation, educational quality, SEM-PLS

      Abstract

      The quality of education in public elementary schools in Serang Regency is influenced by several factors, including principals' leadership quality, teacher competence, and teachers' work motivation. Improving educational quality requires effective leadership, competent teachers, and strong work motivation to ensure optimal learning outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the effects of principals' leadership quality and teacher competence on educational quality through teachers' work motivation in public elementary schools in Serang Regency, both directly and indirectly. This study employed a quantitative survey approach. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to public elementary school teachers and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS software. The findings revealed that teacher competence had a positive and significant effect on work motivation and educational quality. Leadership quality had a positive and significant effect on work motivation but showed a significant negative direct effect on educational quality. Work motivation had a positive and significant effect on educational quality and significantly mediated the effects of teacher competence and leadership quality on educational quality. The model explained 56.3% of the variance in work motivation and 64.6% of the variance in educational quality. In conclusion, improving educational quality is more effective through strengthening teacher competence and leadership quality that enhances teachers' work motivation. Work motivation is the key factor in improving the quality of education in public elementary schools in Serang Regency.

      Authors and contributors

      3

      • Indonesia

        Author Corresponding author

        Universitas Bina Bangsa

        • Methodology
        • Writing – original draft

      • Indonesia

        Author

        Universitas Bina Bangsa

      • Indonesia

        Author

        Universitas Bina Bangsa

      Downloads

      Download data is not yet available.

      References

      1. Alrawahi, S., Sellgren, S.F., Altouby, S., Alwahaibi, N., & Brommels, M. (2020). The application of Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation to job satisfaction in clinical laboratories in Omani hospitals. Heliyon, 6(9), e04829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04829

      2. Ayu, N., Murniati, N., & Miyono, N. (2022). Journal of Educational Management The Influence of the Principal's Role and Organizational Climate on the Work Motivation of Permanent Foundation Teachers in Private Vocational High Schools. Scientific Journal of Educational Administration, Management and Leadership, 4(2), 141–161.

      3. Azahra, AD, Putri, DN, & Asbari, M. (2023). The influence of motivation, work discipline, and work environment on teacher performance: a narrative literature review. Journal of Information Systems and Management, 2(1), 34–42. https://jisma.org/index.php/jisma/article/view/393

      4. BAN-S/M. (2022). Report on the Results of Serang Regency Elementary School Accreditation in 2022.

      5. BPS Serang Regency. (2026). Number of Schools and Elementary School Teachers (SD) Under the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology by District in Serang Regency, 2025/2026.

      6. Danial, A., Mumu, & Nurjamil, D. (2022). Digital-Based Academic Supervision Model by School Principals to Improve the Professionalism of Early Childhood Education Teachers. Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA, 8(4), 1514–1521.https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v8i4.3922

      7. Daud, M., Jaenudin, M., & Id, A. (2020). THE EFFECT OF PRINCIPAL LEADERSHIP AND TEACHER CREATIVITY ON STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES AT MTS NURUL FURQON, CIBINONG, BOGOR Islamic Religious Education Study Program Postgraduate Program Postgraduate Program National Islamic Institute (IAI-N) Laa Roiba Bogo. Jurnal Dirosah Islamiyah, 2, 49–75.

      8. Erlangga, E., Sugiarti, R., Winta, MVI, Bunyamin, MAH, & Riesta, DT (2024). Influence of School Principal Leadership and Quality Management Administration on the Performance of Teachers Through Work Motivation in Non-Formal Schools. Journal of Nonformal Education, 10(1), 218–229. https://doi.org/10.15294/jone.v10i1.923

      9. Euprasia Itu. (2024). Academic Supervision as an Effort to Improve Teacher Pedagogical Competence and Educational Quality at SDK Wolorowa, Golewa District, Ngada Regency in 2024. Tambuasai Education Journal, 8(3), 45667–45675.

      10. HE Mulyasa. (2021). Educational Quality Management: Concepts, Strategies, and Implementation in Improving School Quality. Rosdakarya Youth.

      11. Hamdi, PA, Karyawati, L., & Karnia, N. (2023). Developing professional competencies to improve teacher performance at Harapan Umat School. Tambusai Education Journal, 7(3), 1234–1245.

      12. Hanum, S., & Rahayu, D. (2023). Determination of Teacher Competence and Facilities and Infrastructure on Learning Quality. Journal of Elementary Education Management, 8(4).

      13. Ka-Do, H., Rama, B., Syamsudduha, St., & Rahman, D. (2023). The Influence of Madrasah Principal Leadership on Teacher Work Motivation. Adaara: Journal of Islamic Education Management, 12(1), 73–83. https://doi.org/10.30863/ajmpi.v13i1.2591

      14. Ministry of Education and Culture. (2025). List of Elementary Schools in Serang Regency, Banten in 2025.

      15. Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology. (2021). Government Regulation Number 57 of 2021 concerning National Education Standards. Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology.

      16. Intermediate, KPD and. (2026). Basic Educator and Education Data. Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education. http://dapo.kemendikdasmen.go.id/guru/2/280400

      17. Misrawati, M., Zarkasih, Z., & Amini, M. (2022). The Influence of Principal Leadership on Teacher Motivation and Performance at Sdn Gugus IV Pekanbaru. Didactic Methodology, 17(2), 104–114.https://doi.org/10.17509/md.v17i2.39415

      18. Muljono, H., & Kusumawati, E. (2023). Analysis of Principals' Managerial Capabilities in Improving Educational Quality Through Kindergarten Teacher Performance. Syntax Admiration Journal. Volume 4 No. 7 (2023): 966–978. Syntax Admiration Journal, 4(7), 966–978

      19. Mulyasa, E. (2020). School-Based Management: Concepts, Strategies, and Implementation. Rosda Karya Youth.

      20. Mulyasa, E. (2021). Becoming a Professional Teacher. Rosda Karya Youth.

      21. Murwaningsih, T., & Fauziah, M. (2023). The influence of professional attitude, welfare, self-sustaining development, and job satisfaction on teacher performance. Journal of Education and Learning, 17(2), 271–284. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v17i2.20785

      22. Nurjanah, L. (2020). The Influence of Teacher Competence on the Quality of the Learning Process in Elementary Schools. Journal of Elementary Education Innovation, 5(3).

      23. Nurjaya, N., & Rizal, AS (2023). Compensation and Job Satisfaction in Improving Teacher Work Motivation. Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA, 9(2), 523–533. https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v9i2.4616

      24. Pratama, BR, Wahidmurni, W., & Harini, S. (2024). The Influence of Work Motivation, Quality of Work Life, and Job Satisfaction on Teacher Performance at MAN Malang City. Global Education Scientific Journal, 5(2), 1483–1494. https://doi.org/10.55681/jige.v5i2.2830

      25. Putri, D., & Suharto, S. (2022). The Relationship Between Teacher Competence and Principal Leadership on the Quality of Elementary Education. Indonesian Scientific Journal of Elementary Education, 7(1).

      26. Rahman, A. (2022). Analysis of the Importance of Teacher Competency Development. Tambusai Education Journal, 6(1), 8455–8466.

      27. Rahmawati, E., & Hasan. (2023). Leadership and School Quality.

      28. Rahmawati, E., & Hasan, F. (2023). Teacher Professional Competence and Learning Quality in Elementary Schools: An Empirical Analysis in the Independent Curriculum Era. Journal of Elementary Education Studies, 8(3).

      29. Rohmat, A., & Suryana, D. (2021). The Influence of Principal Leadership on Improving the Quality of Elementary Schools. Journal of Educational Management, 9(2).

      30. Rustandi, R., & Supriyadi, Y. (2022). The Influence of Principal Leadership and Quality Management System Implementation on Improving Teacher Work Motivation in Integrated Islamic Elementary Schools…. Tambusai Education Journal, 6, 14778–14799. https://jptam.org/index.php/jptam/article/view/4758%0Ahttps://jptam.org/index.php/jptam/article/download/4758/4031

      31. Sagala, S. (2021). Strategic Management in Improving the Quality of Education. Rajawali Pers.

      32. Saifani, SS, Gunawan, A., & Muin, A. (2022). Analysis of Principals' Academic Supervision as a Supporting Factor for Teacher Performance. Jurnal Syntax Transformation, 3(6). https://doi.org/10.46799/jst.v3i6.571

      33. Saludung, S., Sihotang, H., & Limbong, M. (2021). The Influence of Teacher Leadership and Work Motivation on Improving the Quality of Education at Vocational High Schools in North Toraja. J. Education Tambusai, 5(1), 449–459.

      34. Sari, JDR, Giatman, M., & Ernawati. (2021). The Role of Principal Leadership in Improving the Quality of Education. Journal of Educational Research and Development, 5(3), 329–333. https://doi.org/10.23887/jppp.v5i3.34846

      35. Sari, N., & Handoko, M. (2021). Teacher Work Motivation as a Mediator of Leadership's Influence on Teacher Performance. Indonesian Journal of Educational Administration, 12(4).

      36. Siemze Joen, Purnamawati, A. (2022). THE EFFECT OF PRINCIPAL TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON TEACHER PERFORMANCE THROUGH TEACHER WORK MOTIVATION. UNM of Journal Technological and Vocational, 6(3).

      37. Simbolon, N., & Siregar, AK (2021). Sources of Knowledge in Educational Management. Darul Ilmi: Journal of Educational and Islamic Sciences, 9(1), 69–83. https://doi.org/10.24952/di.v9i1.3526

      38. Slamet Wijayanto, Ghufron Abdullah, EW (2021). The influence of transformational leadership style, work motivation, and job satisfaction on elementary school teacher performance. Journal of Educational Management, 9(2), 55–64.

      39. Spencer, L. M., & Spencer, S. M. (1993). Competence at Work: Models for Superior Performance. John Wiley & Sons, Inc

      40. Susanto. (2020). Teacher Performance Improvement Management in Elementary Schools. Prenadamedia Group.

      41. Syafarudin, & Ardiansyah, H. (2025). Improving the Quality of Education Towards SDG 4: A Literature Review of the Three Main Pillars of Teacher Professionalism, Relevant Curriculum, and Inclusive Policies”. Tambusai Education Journal, 9(2), 16586–16592. https://jptam.org/index.php/jptam/article/view/28363

      42. Urhahne, D., & Wijnia, L. (2023). Theories of Motivation in Education: an Integrative Framework. In Educational Psychology Review (Vol. 35, Number 2). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09767-9

      43. Wahjosumidjo. (2017). Principal Leadership: A Theoretical Review and Its Problems. Rajawali Pers.

      44. Wietrak, E., Rousseau, D., & Barends, E. (2021). Work motivation: An evidence review. Scientific Summary., (January), 1–23.

      45. Yola Rahmadani Putri, Devira Syafitri Amizi, & Hendrizal. (2024). Teacher Professionalism and Improving the Quality of Education. Tambusai Journal of Education, 8(3), 43529–43535. https://jptam.org/index.php/jptam/article/view/23990/16334

      46. Zakariya, Y. F., & Wardat, Y. (2024). Job satisfaction of mathematics teachers: an empirical investigation to quantify the contributions of teacher self-efficacy and teacher motivation to teach. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 36(4), 791–813. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13394-023-00475-9

      47. Danial, A., Mumu, & Nurjamil, D. (2022). A Digital-Based Academic Supervision Model by School Principals to Improve the Professionalism of Early Childhood Education Teachers. Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA, 8(4), 1514–1521. https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v8i4.3922

      48. Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., & Snyderman, B. B. (1959). The Motivation to Work (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.

      49. Masfufah, NF, & Rindaningsih, I. (2024). Factors influencing teacher performance: A literature review. ELSE (Elementary School Education Journal): Journal of Elementary School Education and Learning, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.30651/else.v8i1.17168

      50. Intermediate, KPD and. (2026). Basic Educator and Education Data. Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education. http://dapo.kemendikdasmen.go.id/guru/2/280400

      51. Muljono, H., & Kusumawati, E. (2023). Analysis of Principals' Managerial Capabilities in Improving the Quality of Education Through Kindergarten Teacher Performance. Syntax Admiration Journal. Volume 4 No. 7 (2023): 966-978. Syntax Admiration Journal, 4(7), 966–978.

      52. Rahmawati, E., & Hasan. (2023). Leadership and School Quality.

      53. Rahmawati, M., & Ulianti, U. (2022). Work motivation of non-certified teachers in improving the quality of the learning process at SMK Negeri 3 Kendari. Realita: Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 7(1), 1622–1632. https://doi.org/10.33394/realita.v7i1.5936

      54. Saifani, SS, Gunawan, A., & Muin, A. (2022). Analysis of Principals' Academic Supervision as a Supporting Factor for Teacher Performance. Jurnal Syntax Transformation, 3(6). https://doi.org/10.46799/jst.v3i6.571

      55. Sari, JDR, Giatman, M., & Ernawati. (2021). The Role of Principal Leadership in Improving the Quality of Education. Journal of Educational Research and Development, 5(3), 329–333. https://doi.org/10.23887/jppp.v5i3.34846

      56. Spencer, L.M., & Spencer, P.S.M. (2008). Competence at Work models for superior performance. John Wiley & Sons.

      Downloads

      Published

      21-10-2026

      Issue

      Vol.4 No.2 October (2026)

      Section

      Educational Administration and Management

      License

      Copyright (c) 2026 Bahaudin, Erna Kusumawati, Umalihayati

      Creative Commons License

      This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

      Authors grant the journal the right of first publication. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited. Authors are responsible for ensuring that any third-party materials included in their work have proper permissions.

      Article metrics

      • 0Views
      • 0Downloads

      Article statistics

      • 0 Abstract views
      • 0 Downloads

      Views and downloads per month

      Abstract views Downloads

      No views or downloads in the last 12 months yet.

      Counted by OJS (COUNTER R5 usage statistics).

      References

      52

      Cite this article

      Bahaudin, Kusumawati, E., & Umalihayati, U. (2026). The Effect of Leadership Quality and Teacher Competence on Educational QualitythroughWork Motivation in Public Elementary Schools in Serang Regency: Studi SEM-PLS pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Kabupaten Serang. Journal of Education and Teaching Learning, 4(2), 1141–1150. https://doi.org/10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i2.481

      Similar articles

      Comments

      Comments are checked by the editorial team before they appear. Keep to the article's content; personal attacks, advertising and spam are removed.

      1. Loading comments…

      Write a comment

      Report a concern about this article

      Use this form to tell the editorial team about an error, plagiarism, image or data manipulation, an authorship dispute or another concern. The editors handle it under the journal's Corrections and retractions policy. The authors are not told who reported it. Read the Corrections and retractions policy

      The Effect of Leadership Quality and Teacher Competence on Educational QualitythroughWork Motivation in Public Elementary Schools in Serang Regency: Studi SEM-PLS pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Kabupaten Serang

      What is the concern? *

      Your details (seen only by the editorial team)

      Most read articles by the same author(s)

      Publish your research with us

      Open access, peer reviewed, with DOI for every article.

      Submit manuscript Author guidelines